Drug use by insurgents and terrorists

**Jedburgh** · 02-25-2010

UNODC, 24 Feb 10: Crime and Instability: Case Studies of Transnational Threats

Transnational organized crime is attracting increased attention because whereas in the past the problem was mostly national (mafia, mobsters, cartels, triads), now, as a result of globalization, it poses a threat to international security.

This report looks at the relationship between organized crime and instability: how illicit commodities usually originate in trouble spots, are then trafficked through vulnerable regions, to affluent markets. It focuses in particular on the impact of drug flows (cocaine and heroin), as well as piracy around the Horn of Africa, and the impact of minerals smuggling on Central Africa......

**William F. Owen** · 02-25-2010

What does "Transnational" mean? How is it different from International?

**Tukhachevskii** · 02-25-2010

Originally Posted by William F. Owen

What does "Transnational" mean? How is it different from International?

As far as I can remember of my IR classes "International" refers to the state to state (or nation to nation) contatcs such as diplomacy (track 1 and 2), war, international law, etc. which result in the creation of an international system of states (or society of states, for a "thicker" description which includes social/cultural elements of interaction). Transnational on the other hand refers to the burgeoning non-state interaction (in terms of dynamic density) at and beyond the level of the world inter-state/international system such as international finance (think Hawala rather than WTO), migration, telecommunications (i.e., internet) which states do not directly control, instigate or generate (i.e, are system level effects which are not attributable to states to state interactions). The international and transnational are parallel, parasitic and mutually supporting. In some regions consititing of exclusivly failed states transnational (non-state) forces may take over functions that would otherwise have been provided by states (such as INGOs, Hawala type financial transactions, barter, etc.). Sorry if that sounds a bit confused but its been a while since I cracked open my IR books.

**AdamG** · 07-10-2010

Stumbled on this, related :

As the Obama administration ramps up the Drug Enforcement Administration's presence in Afghanistan, some special-agent pilots contend that they're being illegally forced to go to a combat zone, while others who've volunteered say they're not being properly equipped.

In interviews with McClatchy Newspapers, more than a dozen DEA agents describe a badly managed system in which some pilots hav More..e been sent to Afghanistan under duress or as punishment for bucking their superiors.

Such complaints, so far mostly arising from the DEA's Aviation Division, could complicate the Obama administration's efforts to send dozens of additional DEA agents to Afghanistan as part of a civilian and military personnel "surge" that aims to stabilize the country.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BnOVNHEw7P4