David,

Can I put it a bit more bluntly? The US simply lacks the understanding/context to form an effective military partnership with many African states.

Why is this so? You cannot understand a nation from the comfort of a fortress-like embassy in the capital. The US will either get played or have to depend on the judgement of former colonial powers like Britain and France (who might have their own agenda).

How does the US break this vicious circle? Don't know.