It's not so much that they are vulnerable, it is that they are obsolete!
Since most consider them obsolete becasue of their vulnerability, i take it you think that hte idea of a mobile airfiled (which is what a CV is) is what is obsolete? Is it the mobility is no longer of value? Or is it the idea Forward (inside an adversary strike envelope) airbases now replaced by distant ones? Would a unseen SSGN not be obsolete because it is unseen and less provacative?

Is the time constraint associated with great distance not as important as it once was?

Trying to understand what you mean seperating vulnerability and obsolesence? I know you can't mean the airplanes are obsolete