that was over 30 years ago but I still see and correspond with friends and acquaintances there and from there and know little has changed.
I believe the analysis significantly understates the various differences in attitude. The reactions cited are IMO quite prevalent and endemic throughout the ME and are generally correct without regard to class and apply to many, not all, who have obtained degrees in the west.
The military aspects of the behavior patterns are not to be discounted; exaggerating (or minimizing) in reporting, deferring to social if not military seniors, appointments based on who one knows instead of what one knows plus several others all have an impact on military performance.
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