Weeeellllll, depends on when language developed. There's a modicum of evidence that good ol' HSS (aka us) wiped out Neaderthals (okay, kept a few of their women... my ex-room-mate was descended from one). There is some pretty good evidence that we had language then, while the Neanderthals may not have (personally, I think they did, but that's another story having to do with the curious case of 2 hyoid bones...).
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